A New Hyperspectral Unmixing Benchmark for Weak Signal Meat Contamination Detection

This study introduces the first hyperspectral image unmixing benchmark for weak signal detection, focusing on real meat contamination captured by hyperspectral cameras. We developed a real dataset and a synthetic dataset to evaluate the performance of various unmixing algorithms, including traditional methods (H2NMF and Hyperweak) and advanced deep learning techniques (DeepTrans and MiSiCNet). Our comprehensive assessment covers different concentrations of (E. coli) in sirloin steak samples, providing an indepth performance analysis of the tested models. Although no algorithm consistently outperforms all others, the experimental results indicate that DeepTrans performs particularly well in the conventional unmixing of fat and muscle. For weak signals such as saline solution or E. coli solution, Hyperweak produced better results on both datasets. In the synthetic dataset, Hyperweak achieved aSAD=0.0060 and aRMSE=0.0167, while in the real dataset, it reached state-of-the-art performance for weak signals in most scenarios. The scarcity of research on weak signal unmixing under challenging real-world conditions underscores the importance of this study, establishing a framework for future technological advancements in food safety.