Study on the AC Loss Characteristics of Dual-Layer Square Wire Superconducting Cable Models

The research on superconducting cables is critical for improving energy transmission efficiency and reducing energy losses [1]. Compared to YBCO tapes [2], square wires exhibit superior magnetic field distribution, which helps minimize the generation of perpendicular magnetic fields. Additionally, multilayer structures can significantly influence the AC loss of high-temperature superconducting cables. This paper aims to combine these advantages by constructing a double-layer cable model using square wires to explore methods for reducing AC loss. COMSOL Multiphysics, a multi-physics simulation software, will be employed to conduct simulation experiments, build the simulation model, perform calculations, and ultimately analyze the characteristics of AC loss. During the experimental process, 2S/2S, 4S/2S, and 6S/2S models were first established to investigate the effect of varying the wire types in the conductive layer on the AC loss characteristics of the double-layer cable model. Finally, 4S/4S and 6S/4S superconducting cable models were constructed to study the AC loss characteristics of cable models with different shielding layers. The research results indicate that the double-layer cable model can effectively reduce AC loss. When the double-layer cable model transmits high currents and the shielding layer uses 2S square wires, the model with a conductive layer constructed using 4S square wires exhibits the best AC loss performance. When the wire type in the shielding layer is varied, the 4S/2S model achieves the optimal overall AC loss characteristics.