Pre-Trained Language Model - Based Real-Time Formation Lithology Identification Method for Drilling Process

Geological exploration is essential for economic and social progress, with lithology identification being a key technology that improves exploration precision and resource development efficiency. This paper presents a real-time identification method of formation lithology in drilling process based on pre-training language model, which is divided into three stages. In this first stage, the drilling data undergoes rigorous cleaning, feature selection, and normalization to eliminate noise and anomalies. In the second stage, key model inputs such as weight on bit (WOB), rate of penetration (ROP), rotation speed (RPM), torque, and pump volume (P) are identified through detailed drilling mechanism analysis. In the last stage, a real-time identification method of formation lithology in drilling process based on pre-training language model is proposed, which realizes high-precision real-time identification in drilling process. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by comparison with common methods.