A Modified Cellular Automata Model for Crowd Evacuation Considering Pedestrian Fallen and Helping Behavior

The phenomenon of falls occurs from time to time during the evacuation process, and once a fall occurs, it is very easy for casualties to occur. Therefore, the cause of pedestrian falls is analyzed from the angle of micromechanics, the mechanism of pedestrian falls is established, and the effect of falls on pedestrian evacuation is discussed. Based on the cellular automaton, a pedestrian evacuation model is established which considers the static field, dynamic field, and wall field. According to the differences between people, the passers-by are divided into two categories: enthusiastic and indifferent. The former helps fallen pedestrians, the latter is indifferent to fallen pedestrians. The impact of helping behavior and various pedestrian personalities on evacuation is studied. The distinction between pedestrians fleeing along and away from the wall is also explored. The findings indicate that helping behavior can prevent falls in a row. People who are impatient or apathetic will add to the congestion and have a negative impact on evacuation efficiency. The best method of evacuation is for the crowd to move evenly through the corridors.