Research on the Regional Pricing Strategy of Electric Vehicle Aggregators Based on Master-Slave Game Theory

The primary active load on China's distribution network side is electric vehicles. As electric vehicles in China rapidly develop, their numbers are steadily increasing, allowing for more interactions with the power grid. Despite the widespread adoption, the scattered distribution of electric vehicles makes aggregating them through regional aggregators a new direction in smart grid development. However, as the demand for electric vehicle charging often fluctuates with electricity prices, formulating rational and mutually beneficial power purchase and sale strategies for aggregators has emerged as a new focus in regional integrated energy system research. This paper explores pricing strategies for electric vehicle aggregators, introducing a power purchase and sale pricing strategy based on a master-slave game. The pursuit of maximizing their respective interests by electric vehicle aggregators and owners is modeled as a master-slave game. Using an adaptive differential evolution algorithm combined with quadratic programming, the Nash equilibrium solution is determined, facilitating the derivation of the aggregators' optimal pricing strategy. Furthermore, through simulations and case studies, the impact of different electric vehicle user types on aggregators' pricing strategies and profits is analyzed.