The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Migraines: Research on Prevention and Supportive Treatment

Introduction and Purpose Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurring headaches and associated symptoms, such as nausea, sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine significantly impacts the daily functioning of individuals affected by the condition. This article explores the relationship between physical activity and migraines, focusing on how regular exercise may influence the frequency, intensity, and overall management of migraine attacks. Through a review of existing studies, the article aims to uncover the underlying mechanisms, assess the effectiveness of physical activity as both a preventive and therapeutic tool and provide practical guidance for healthcare professionals and patients. The goal is to highlight the potential of exercise as a non-pharmacological approach to improving migraine treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods A detailed literature review was conducted covering the years 1993-2023, using databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Relevant studies were identified using keywords such as "migraine," "physical exercise," "physical activity," "migraine therapy," and "non-pharmacological treatment." Special attention was given to peer-reviewed articles, including primary research studies and systematic reviews, to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Summary The literature review highlights the growing recognition of physical activity as a valuable non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of migraines. Regular exercise appears not only to reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks but also to improve overall well-being by mitigating associated factors such as stress and sleep disturbances. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating physical activity into a holistic approach to migraine treatment, offering a promising pathway for both patients and healthcare professionals.