Object Detection Based on Improved YOLOv10 for Electrical Equipment Image Classification

In this paper, the Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) mechanism is incorporated at the terminal layer of the YOLOv10 backbone network to enhance the feature expression capability. In addition, Transformer is introduced into the C3 module in the feature extraction process to construct the C3TR module to replace the original C2F module as the deepening network extraction module. In this study, both the ECA mechanism and the self-attention mechanism of Transformer are thoroughly analyzed and integrated into YOLOv10. The C3TR module is used as an important part to deepen the effect of network extraction in backbone network feature extraction. The self-attention mechanism is used to model the long-distance dependency relationship, capture the global contextual information, make up for the limitation of the local sensory field, and enhance the feature expression capability. The ECA module is added to the end of the backbone to globally model the channels of the feature map, distribute channel weights more equitably, and enhance feature expression capability. Extensive experiments on the electrical equipment dataset have demonstrated the high accuracy of the method, with a mAP of 89.4% compared to the original model, representing an improvement of 3.2%. Additionally, the mAP@[0.5, 0.95] reaches 61.8%, which is 5.2% higher than that of the original model.