Determination of Carbohydrates in <i>Syngonium podophyllum</i> Biomass by Capillary Electrophoresis After Saccharification Process Under Different Sample Preparation Techniques

To achieve a more sustainable future, it is crucial to conduct studies on lignocellulosic biomass as a source of carbohydrates, ultimately serving as feedstocks for platform molecules that can be converted into biofuels, biopolymers, and chemicals. Urban residue lignocellulosic biomass, exemplified by Syngonium podophyllum, shows promise as an alternative source. This study employed capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV detection as an environmentally friendly method for determining xylose and glucose after treating, depolymerizing, and saccharifying Syngonium biomass. Three different hydrolysis methods yielded distinct outcomes. Heating under reflux treatment resulted in a 37 ± 3 mg g^-1 xylose content, whereas ultrasonication significantly increased xylose yield, measuring 110 ± 5 mg g^-1. Interestingly, these two methods did not detect glucose, suggesting they may be less effective at producing detectable monosaccharide levels. On the other hand, microwave-assisted hydrolysis produced the highest xylose content at 290 ± 13 mg g^-1 and glucose at 124 ± 6 mg g^-1. These results highlighted the effectiveness of microwave-assisted hydrolysis in converting carbohydrates from the urban Syngonium biomass, demonstrating its potential in processing lignocellulosic biomass through a cheap and sustainable route.