Thermal optimization of two-way joist slabs: A comparative study using finite element analysis

Abstract. Efficient thermal management in building structures is crucial for energy conservation, particularly in hot climates. A comparative thermal analysis was presented in this paper on twenty two different two-way hollow block slabs using the finite element method (FEM). The study considered two types of hollow block materials which are normal concrete and clay, each with eleven block recesses configurations. The thermal properties including thermal transmittance, thermal resistance and equivalent thermal conductivity among various slab arrangements were investigated. The obtained results suggest that the number of vertical and horizontal intermediate bulkheads and the constituent material determine the thermal properties of the slabs. Clay-based slabs showed better thermal insulation than concrete-based slabs. This research contributes towards energy efficient building components development as well as informing selection of optimal slab configurations for enhanced heat performance.