Using Text Messaging Ecological Momentary Assessment to Record Changes in e-Cigarette and Combustible Cigarette Use: Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

EMA is a suitable method to collect recall-based smoking-related data. Though results from mixed effect modeling and RR comparisons were similar using EMA or survey data, EMA provides unique advantages, namely greater granularity in the time and the capability to detect switching patterns in near real time. These findings provide the feasibility of using EMA in developing smoking cessation interventions in future tobacco harm reduction research.