INTRAOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION OF CATARACT SURGERY IN DIABETES

Background: The incidence of diabetes worldwide is rising; cataract is a common ocular pathology and phacoemulsification with IOL implantation the preferred treatment. Objective of this study was to assess the visual acuity and rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications in eyes of diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. Methods: In this quasi experimental study 200 eyes of 200 patients (100 diabetic, 100 non-diabetic) underwent phacoemulsification surgery. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraoperative, postoperative complications were measured and compared in both groups before and after surgery up to 4 months. Results: In 200 samples the ages were 56.6±6.3 years, 54% were male, 50% were diabetic. Among non-diabetics 76% had BCVA 6/6–6/12 postop, 24% had BCVA of 6/18 or >6/18 postop, 4% had uveitis, 42% had mild keratopathy, 8% had severe keratopathy and 10% had had (posterior capsular opacity) PCO. In diabetics 52% had BCVA 6/6–6/12 postop, 50% had BCVA of 6/18 or >6/18 postop, 28% had uveitis, 26% had mild keratopathy, 24% had severe keratopathy, 18% had worsening of retinopathy, and 30% PCO (p<0.05). Two percent non-diabetics had iris trauma; 4% diabetics had posterior capsular rupture (PCR), 2% had dropped nucleus and 6% had iris trauma. Intraoperative parameters were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion: In cataract surgeries with phacoemulsification postoperative complication rate were found significantly higher in diabetics with non-diabetics achieving a better postoperative visual acuity. No significant differences in intraoperative complication rate were found among the cases. Pak J Physiol 2024;20(4):21?3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v20i4.1716