COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICROORGANISMS AROUND TEETH AND IMPLANTS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

Aim: Dental implants are a reliable solution for replacing missing teeth and restoring oral health. Despite their high survival rates, complications such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis remain common challenges. This underscores the importance of assessing implant success not only in terms of stability but also by preserving healthy peri-implant tissues. The review consolidates recent findings on the peri-implant microbiome and examine its relationship with the dental microbiome under both healthy and diseased conditions. Methods: For the present review a search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Results: Modern microbial identification techniques have uncovered new species previously unknown or not considered in the context of periodontal infection. It is now understood that the peri-implant biofilm, both in health and disease, is not as similar to that on teeth as previously thought. The implant biofilm is directly influenced by the implant material, the implant-abutment connection, the implant surface, as well as the biofilm present in the patient’s mouth. Conclusion: The submucosal microbiota of peri-implantitis lesions has not been extensively studied using culture-independent techniques and our understanding of the microbial profile associated with peri-implantitis remains incomplete.