Relationship between testosterone levels, prostate volume, and testicular volume in benign prostate hyperplasia: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Benign prostate hyperplasia, the most prevalent condition affecting elderly men, appears to increase every decade. Testosterone, the hormone that has the most influence on prostate volume, is known to be associated with testicular volume. This study assesses the correlation between testosterone, testicular volume, and prostate volume.METHODS: In outpatient clinics, a cross-sectional study was carried out on eligible men with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Testicular and prostate volumes were measured using ultrasound examination, while ELISA measured testosterone levels. The correlation between the variables was then analyzed using the Pearson’s correlation test.RESULTS: Of the 28 participants, most (92.6%) had abnormal testosterone levels (4.58±2.43 ng/dL). The majority of participants (92.6%) had an abnormal right testicular volume (8.19±1.81 mL), while all (100%) had an abnormal left testicular volume (7.51±1.80 mL). The combined testicular volume was 7.85±1.71 mL. Most patients showed grade II prostate enlargement (67.9%), followed by grade III (21.4%) and grade I (10.7%), with a mean prostate volume of 42.51 10.12 mL. Testicular volume and prostate volume are correlated positively and significantly for the right testis (r=0.499, P=0.007), left testis (r=0.424, P=0.024), and combined testis (r=0.486, P=0.009). Prostate volume and total testicular volume did not significantly correlate with testosterone levels (r=-0.257, P=0.817 and r=0.078, P=0.692, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with BPH, testicular volume and prostate volume are significantly correlated. To determine the extent of prostate enlargement, this parameter can be routinely measured.