Modelling and Simulation a Solar Farm Energy-Based Smart Grid for Tshwane University of Technology (Emalahleni Campus), South Africa: Feasibility and Analysis Studies

In eMalahleni, high solar irradiation makes it ideal for solar farms. The proposed photovoltaic (PV) systems are designed to meet the entire energy demand of the Tshwane University of Technology’s eMalahleni campus. These systems are expected to produce approximately 876 MWh of electricity per annum. The campus building presentations promoting such designs have roofs tilted at 25 degrees and can support the installation of a 625-kW solar PV system. The current proposal will install a 150 kW PV system with a 100-kW inverter, designed to maximize conversion efficiency and system performance. This setup is expected to be viable, with returns estimated in a period of 14 months due to the low LCOE value of 0.6 Rands/kWh. In total, this project has an estimated lifetime saving of about 30 million Rands. According to detailed simulations, the model used to predict the global solar radiation for the region is highly efficient, that is, it follows actual values very well. This tracking ability is very important for making the best use of how well the system can work. This accuracy is critical for maximizing the efficiency of solar energy production. The performance of the PV system reaches its peak at 125 kW around midday, highlighting the benefits of precise solar radiation modeling in enhancing energy output. Moreover, the shift to solar energy is expected to have substantial environmental benefits. Over a period of ten years, the transition will reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 6,515 tons, nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 27 tons, and sulfur oxides (SOx) by 53 tons. This reduction in greenhouse gases and pollutants will contribute significantly to climate change mitigation, improved air quality, and decreased acid rain. The overall impact underscores the significant economic and environmental advantages of adopting solar power in eMalahleni.