A Polarimetric Target Decomposition Algorithm for Grassland Area with Orthogonal Scattering Model

As an essential component of terrestrial ecosystems, grassland ecosystems cover a large portion of the Earth's surface and provide significant benefits, including soil and water conservation as well as biodiversity preservation. They play an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological balance and supporting human society. However, among the existing polarimetric decomposition algorithms, there is a lack of decomposition algorithms built for grassland characteristics. To address this problem, this paper proposes a polarimetric SAR data decomposition algorithm based on two mutually orthogonal rank-1 scattering models, enabling better separation of the corresponding scattering mechanisms. On this basis, the commonly used uniformly oriented dipole model is replaced with a volume scattering model of dual dominant-oriented dipoles, tailored to the characteristics of grassland structures, such as houses. This adjustment results in decomposition outcomes that are more consistent with real-world scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method not only provides more accurate decomposition results but also has the advantage of reducing negative power components.