Using electrical stimulation to construct memories of specific area for robo-pigeon

Robo-pigeon is a special robot that controls the behavior of a live pigeon by applying electrical stimulation to its brain nerve or muscle tissue. Currently, the predominant control methods for robot pigeons involve direct stimulation of the motor brain regions associated with movement to regulate their behavior. However, there is a deficiency in methods enabling pigeons to express their subjective movement inclinations and engage in activities within specific spatial confines. In this study, an experimental paradigm was designed to enable pigeons to generate spatial cognition and form memories of specific areas. Throughout the experiment, pigeons were positioned inside a specially marked circle. Whenever a pigeon attempted to depart from the circle, electrical stimulation was applied to its Formation reticularis medialis mesencephali (FRM) brain region. Experimental findings indicate that pigeons can develop a robust spatial memory of the marked area within approximately a week. Moreover, minimal stimulation can induce pigeons to move within a defined area. These findings have contributed significantly to the advancement of novel control methodologies for robot pigeons.