Research on Scattering Characteristics of Insect Swarms Based on Simulation Software

Density inversion is a key metric for observing large-scale insect migration using radar. However, there are still many unknowns in the study of insect population scattering characteristics, such as whether there is multiple scattering among individuals and whether physical shielding between individuals affects their scattering behavior. We conducted modeling to investigate the effects of multiple scattering on insect migration patterns, as well as the impact of physical occlusion. We first calculated the average RCS (radar cross section) at different incidence angles by creating an individual insect model. Then, we established a model for uniform insect distribution to study the impact of insect spacing on multiple scattering. We found that when the ratio of insect spacing to wavelength reaches 2-2.5 times, the average relative error between the RCS of the uniform insect distribution model and the RCS of a single insect is less than 20%. Finally, we established two types of insect physical occlusion models. The simulation results indicate that the average scattering intensity of the shielding direction aligns with the simple sum of individual scattering intensities, suggesting that the influence of individual physical shielding on the scattering characteristics of the population is negligible.