Effect of immunological selection for NDV on egg external traits in Japanese quail

This research explores the impact of immune selection on egg quality traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) over three generations.We evaluated four experimental groups: "Control (-)" (unvaccinated and no selection for immune traits), "Control (+)" (vaccinated but without selection for immune traits), "Low Immune Level" (selected for lower NDV antibody titers), and "High Immune Level" (selected for higher NDV antibody titers).Birds were kept under controlled environmental conditions with standard husbandry practices.Immune responses were measured by HI tests, and egg quality traits (egg weight, length, breadth, and shape index) were measured across generations.The results found a significant reduction across all generations for both Combinations in the weight, width and length of the egg (pp.< 0.001).So the "high level of immunity" for the group, these traits decreased more slowly compared to control groups, which may be Indicates a trade-off between egg quality and immune durability.In the third generation, "high The immunological level group had the highest egg weight values (7.610.22g) and height (27.700.63mm), while the "Control (+)" group provided the lowest values.However, the egg shape indicator It did not change in any of the groups and generations, and therefore proved resistant to both heredity and Environmental Stresses, pp.0.05>.The results show the interaction of both immunoselection and reproductive traits together.In this regard, strong immune responses may be Hydration in egg quality traits decreases over time.This study confirms that balanced education Strategies are essential to improve both immune efficiency and productivity.Genetic.Results indicated significant declines across generations for all groups in egg weight, length, and breadth (p < 0.001).However, in the "High Immune Level" group, these traits declined more slowly compared to the control groups, which may be indicative of a trade-off between immune robustness and egg quality.In Generation 3, the "High Immune Level" group had the highest values of egg weight (7.610.22g) and length (27.700.63mm), while the "Control (+)" group presented the lowest values.However, the egg shape index did not change in any of the groups and generations, thus proving resistant to both genetic and environmental pressures, p > 0.05.These findings illustrate how immune selection and reproductive traits interact with one another; in this regard, strong immune responses may dampen declines in egg quality traits over time.The results of this study emphasize the importance of balanced parenting strategies in order to improve both productivity and immune efficiency.The genetic and active mechanisms underlying these trade-offs should be investigated in future research to improve sustainable poultry farming programs.