Optimal Torque Distribution Strategy for Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicles with Dual Electric Drive Axle Based on PSO

To improve the energy-saving performance of electric heavy-duty commercial vehicles, this paper proposes a dual-axle drive powertrain with three motors and a two-speed gearbox to address the torque distribution strategy for electric drive systems. The dynamic model of the drive system and a mathematical model of drive efficiency are established based on the designed configuration. The overall efficiency of the electric drive system is set as the optimization objective, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is adopted to compute the torque distribution coefficients and efficiencies under different operating modes, obtained the torque distribution strategy for the three motors under different operating modes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed torque distribution strategy for electric heavy-duty commercial vehicles based on PSO optimation reduces drive system energy consumption by $\mathbf{1 7. 3 5 \%}$ compared to a rule-based torque distribution strategy.