Near-Field Sensing of mmWave XL-MIMO Systems through Joint Parabolic Interpolation and Barycenter Calibration

The pursuit of higher data rates in next-generation mobile communications necessitates the use of higher frequency bands and larger antenna arrays. These shifts will extend the Rayleigh distance, resulting in near-field effects, where traditional far-field algorithms for source sensing yield considerable errors. Moreover, near-field spatial spectrum estimation algorithms require multi-dimensional spectral peak searches, which lead to high computational complexity and necessitate a trade-off between sensing accuracy and real-time performance. To address these issues, we propose the joint parabolic interpolation and barycenter calibration (PI-BC) algorithm, a calibration method for near-field spectral peak searches. The joint PI-BC algorithm significantly boosts sensing accuracy while maintaining low computational complexity, thus providing a real-time, efficient solution for near-field sensing.