Research on Low Power Strategy Optimization and Environmental Adaptability of 5G RedCap Terminal for Electric Power Application

With the advancement of smart grid technology, distribution automation systems play an increasingly important role in improving the operational efficiency and reliability of power systems. In this study, an innovative low-power strategy optimization scheme is proposed for 5G RedCap (5G Reduced Capability), a key communication module in the distribution automation system, with special attention to its adaptability under different environmental conditions. By introducing the 5G RedCap communication module, the energy consumption reduction of distribution automation terminals during data transmission is investigated. Meanwhile, a Q-table based reinforcement learning algorithm is used to intelligently optimize the transmission strategy in order to enhance the adaptability and stability of the system under the changes of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference and transmission distance. Simulation results show that the proposed low-power optimization strategy not only effectively reduces the system energy consumption, but also ensures the high efficiency of data transmission, providing technical support for the sustainable development of the smart grid.