Radar Echo Modeling and Doppler Characteristic Fitting Method for UAVs Based on Multi-Scattering Point Model

The radar echo characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles provide important information for identification. The radar echoes of various types of UAVs are modeled by the multi-scattering point modeling method. A Doppler characteristic modeling method for unmanned aerial vehicles based on the mixture Gaussian algorithm is proposed, in which the slow-time dimension data are extracted from the Range- Doppler and fitted by the mixture Gaussian algorithm. The parameters of the Gaussian distribution components representing the unmanned aerial vehicle's Doppler spread characteristics are obtained using the algorithm. The simulated radar echoes of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and the flapping-wing unmanned aerial vehicle are used for analysis. The performance of the fitting is acceptable and the way in which various parameters affect the Doppler characteristics is discussed and concluded.