Simulation of Winding Deformation Characteristics in Wound-Core Transformers under Various Short-Circuit Conditions

With the introduction of transformer energy efficiency improvement initiatives, high-efficiency and energy-saving transformers are gradually replacing traditional low-efficiency transformers. In this paper, a finite element method is employed to analyze the deformation characteristics of a S20-M·RL-400/10-NX2 silicon steel sheet stereo wound core distribution transformer under short-circuit conditions. An electromagnetic-mechanical coupling model of the transformer is first established to analyze the distribution of leakage flux and electromagnetic forces in the windings of the wound core transformer. Subsequently, a static structural analysis is conducted to investigate the deformation behavior of the wound core transformer under various short-circuit scenarios. The results indicate that, under 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% short-circuit conditions, the maximum deformation of the windings in the wound core transformer is $38.70 \ \mu \mathrm{m}$.