Airborne SAR Moving Target Velocity Estimation Using Fast Radon Transform

In response to the issue of velocity estimation for ground moving targets in Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), this paper proposes a fast Radon transform-based method for estimating the velocity of moving targets. First, a geometric and mathematical model for the multi-angle observation of moving targets by airborne SAR is established, followed by range compression and range curvature correction. On this basis, the Radon transform is utilized to estimate the slope of the range walk trajectory observed from multiple angles (≥2), achieving the estimation of the target's azimuth and range velocities. Due to the poor timeliness of traditional Radon transform in slope estimation, this paper designs a fast Radon transform algorithm. Based on the geometric information of the mismatch results of the Radon transform, it reduces the two-dimensional search to a one-dimensional search, significantly improving the efficiency of velocity estimation. Through multi-angle airborne SAR simulation experiments, the effectiveness and efficiency of the moving target velocity estimation algorithm for airborne SAR studied in this paper are verified.