Sustainable public space design: Integrating ecological, economic, and social frameworks in urban environments

Abstract. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for designing sustainable public spaces by integrating ecological, economic, and social sustainability principles. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a theoretical review with spatial analysis, to identify critical spatial implementation items and planning elements that address ecological challenges in urban environments. Using non-linear systems, resource regeneration techniques, and minimizing environmental impact, the study proposes five design types: a recursive design for non-linear systems, wholeness, energy and resource limitations, placemaking, and participation. These design types collectively aim to preserve ecological balance, enhance resource efficiency, and foster social participation and cultural integration. The study’s findings reveal that adopting a holistic and adaptive design approach, which harmonizes ecological, economic, and social dimensions, can significantly contribute to creating resilient and sustainable urban environments. The practical insights provided can assist urban planners in developing public spaces that promote long-term ecological stability and community well-being.