Assessment of COVID-19 pandemic impact on daily trips in Salah al Din Governorate in Iraq

Abstract. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on daily trips in Salah al-Din Governorate in Iraq was evaluated. A survey of 14,886 individuals was conducted, covering different aspects, such as changes in the frequency of trips, mode of transportation, distance traveled, travel time, and electronic means of reducing trips. The results showed a strong relationship between electronic activities like e-shopping and e-learning and a reduction in the number of trips. COVID-19 pandemic had a noticeable impact on changing daily trips, with educational trips being the most affected due to the use of e-learning as an alternative. The trip mode was affected by COVID-19 pandemic, where the trend toward using private vehicles, walking, and bicycle increased. The use of public transportation, however, has dramatically declined as a result of passenger anxiety over the spread of the disease. The movement restrictions caused a reduction in trip time and distance traveled, which may have a positive impact on lowering air pollution, traffic accidents, and congestion.