The use of vaccines against swine flu in farm conditions

The swine flu virus is one of the causes of pathological changes in the lungs. Due to its wide range of hosts, this virus can pose a threat not only to pigs but also to other animals, birds, and humans. All influenza viruses important for pigs belong to type A and subtypes H1N1, H1N2, or H3N2. These viruses affect the epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract. During replication, the virus provokes inflammation of the respiratory tract and the development of interstitial pneumonia. Respiratory tract cells die both from direct viral infection and from damage caused by leukocytes and cytokines of the innate immune system. The disease is accompanied by fever and cough. Influenza A virus infections in pigs often occur without obvious clinical symptoms but can cause significant disease spread among animals. Although the mortality rate is usually low, high morbidity can lead to economic losses in pig farming due to reduced productivity and the need for treatment. Vaccines against swine flu are an important preventive tool. They help protect pigs from various virus subtypes, reducing the risk of disease outbreaks on farms. The use of vaccines for sows also ensures the transfer of maternal antibodies to newborn piglets, providing them with additional protection in the first weeks of life. Swine flu vaccines usually contain several virus strains, providing protection against different variants of the infection. Adjuvants added to vaccines enhance the body’s immune response, making it more effective and long-lasting. After vaccinating the sows, an improvement in production indicators should be noted The number of live-born piglets per sow increased by 3.93 %.The number of stillborn piglets decreased by 27 %.The percentage of piglet mortality in the farrowing unit decreased by 1.9 %. The live weight of weaned piglets increased by 18.3 %.The average daily gain in the nursery increased by 1.33 %.The percentage of mortality in the nursery decreased by 0.76 %.The percentage of culling in the nursery decreased by 0.9 %.The average daily gain in fattening increased by 2.8 %.The percentage of mortality in fattening decreased by 1.65 %.The percentage of culling in fattening decreased by 0.4 %. Swine flu vaccines have a significant positive impact. They help reduce the clinical manifestations of the disease, lower the viral load, and improve the overall health of animals. This, in turn, positively affects the economic performance of farms, as healthy animals have better productivity and lower treatment costs.