The structure of gonadal dysfunctions in cows with chronic gynecological pathologies

The purpose of the scientific and industrial research was to determine the structure of gonadal dysfunctions in lactating cows with a history of chronic endometritis according to morphofunctional or pathomorphological indicators obtained in the conditions of industrial enterprises with the help of in vivo differential palpation diagnostics. Among four herds of unfertilized cows (n = 552) of different dairy breeds (Ukrainian red dairy, Ukrainian black-spotted dairy, and Ayrshire), 2.94 % (P < 0.001) of animals with irreversible symptomatic infertility with symptoms of chronic adhesive ovophoritis or ovosalpingitis were found ( lateral or bilateral localization). 48.86 % of the studied females had characteristic degenerative changes in the tissues of the follicular layer in the ovaries (P < 0.001); in particular, follicular cysts prevailed among them (single or small multiple: 93.45 %, P < 0.001), which indicated a violation of the hormonal function of the gonads with a pronounced deficiency of progesterone secretion. The analysis of palpation data showed a significant spread among cows of symptoms of hypotrophic changes in ovarian tissues: a tendency to significant hypotrophy of both the outer and inner layer of tissues – 64.96 %. A differential palpation study established that in 48.20% of cows with a history of chronic endometritis, the morphological and functional parameters of the ovaries were restored. Namely, maturing or mature follicles were established in 68.85 % of females (follicular phase of the sexual cycle), and in 31.15 % – typical cycle corpus luteum (P > 0.05). Significant fluctuations in the distribution of various morphofunctional or pathological signs of changes in the structure of the gonads of cows kept in different production conditions were experimentally established. Thus, differential palpatory in vivo diagnostics proved a significant deepening of the level of ovarian polymorphism in cows with chronic gynecological pathologies, which requires the improvement of methodical approaches to the selection of adequate therapy schemes and the corresponding improvements of hormonal means of regulating sexual cyclicity.