Genotypic Variability, Correlation, and Yield Component Analysis in Soybean (Glycine max L.)

During the kharif season of October 2023 to April 2024, sixteen different cultivars of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) were cultivated at AKS University in Satna using a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD). The analysis of variance revealed significant variance in the genotypes for each character under investigation. For the seed yield per plant (g), number of pods per plants, biological yield (gm), pod length (cm), number of primary branches per plants, and number of seed /pods, the highest GCV and PCV were noted. High genetic progress and high heritability were found for the seed index, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, and pod length (cm), suggesting that additive gene action may play a significant role in determining these traits. High genetic advancement (>30%) and high heritability (>80%) were found for the number of seed /pods, number of pods per plants, pod length (cm), and biological yield (gm). As per path analysis, increased seed yield per plant is essentially correlated with days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plants, pod length (cm), number of primary branches per plants, 100 seed weight (g), biological yield (gm), and harvest index. Therefore, these characters should be considered for yield improvement in soybean breeding programme.