Institutional Landscape of the Ecotourism in Canucutan River, Pasonanca Natural Park, Zamboanga City, Philippines

Ecotourism is a widely recognized industry around the world which advocates the use of natural resources for recreational activities while adhering to sustainable practices. Like any industry, it consists of institutions that are fundamental in the power relation about natural resource management and livelihood creation. The Philippines faces a critical challenge in the realm of ecotourism governance. This study aims to understand the institutional arrangement of the Pasonanca Natural Park, particularly the Canucutan River, and analyze the existing management policies and practices of the ecotourism activities. The focus on Pasonanca Natural Park is significant, highlighting its potential as a model for ecotourism governance while emphasizing the ongoing challenge of balancing environmental protection with economic benefits. The analysis is approached through Ostrom’s socio-ecological system framework, integrating institutional framework and social dynamics to achieve sustainable ecotourism. Qualitative data were gathered through key informant interviews and focus group discussions of different stakeholders. The Department of Environmental and Natural Resources- Protected Area Management Office, Environmental Management Bureau, Zamboanga City Water District, Office of the City Environment and Natural Resources, Local Government Unit of Pasonanca, and the local community (cottage and parking area owners). Secondary data were collected from concerned agencies. All data were analyzed through institutional analysis and stakeholder theory PAMO oversees area management, fee collection, and orientation. Prioritized problems include lack of funds, the need for monitoring personnel, lack of community opportunities, awareness, and cottage owner issues. Recommended solutions include the establishment of People’s Organizations, collaboration with private organizations, and local community involvement in decision-making to provide a sustainable approach in managing the ecotourism site.