La especialización temprana en el deporte: es necesario cambiar el paradigma de atleta-máquina

Introduction: Early specialization in sports is a highly controversial and debated topic throughout history, it involves designating an individual to a particular sport discipline prematurely or in an anticipatory manner, typically occurring at very young ages. Objective: To question the practice of early specialization in children, both boys and girls, through the development of arguments and reflections. Development: Rather than benefiting athletes, this practice favors external agents with private monetary interests. Although at first glance, it may seem harmless or even beneficial, it is not truly what it appears to be. Multiple negative aspects have been evidenced, which can jeopardize the integrity of children, causing physical and psychological issues, violating their rights, and leading to early abandonment and distancing from exercise and sports. Conclusions: Coaches and physical educators should emphasize aspects of the mind, understand athletes’ perceptions and sensations, respect their preferences and tastes, and avoid manipulation and persuasion. Therefore, young people should be allowed to explore multiple sports disciplines, thereby fostering sports as a space for learning and social development rather than mere competition.