Multi-Objective Optimization for a Grid-Connected Hydrogen Integrated Energy Community

Hydrogen is increasingly recognized for its role in enhancing the electrification of the built environment, particularly as a seasonal storage medium to balance the intermittent nature of renewable generation. Despite its potential, the high investment costs of hydrogen technologies make their integration challenging in current energy systems. This study addresses the gap in research concerning the impacts of hydrogen integration within energy communities, focusing on system performance and grid operations through different grid connection scenarios. We explore three grid connection capacities—unlimited, 24 kW, and 16 kW—using a case study from The Green Village. Our findings indicate that an unlimited grid connection poses a risk of grid congestion, whereas a restricted connection could result in unmet load demands. Our results suggest that aligning the grid connection capacity with the peak demand of the energy community effectively balances the need to reduce grid congestion while meeting energy requirements. This research highlights the need for strategic planning in the integration of hydrogen technologies within energy communities, advocating for a balance that supports both energy independence and grid stability.