Limiting grid exchange applying PV curtailment and EV charging coordination on an LVDC backbone

An LVDC backbone offers a promising solution for the efficient integration of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), photovoltaics (PV), and Electric Vehicle (EV) chargers. Furthermore, dynamically optimized backbone voltage could further enhance efficiency and simplify the grid by eliminating PV DC/DC converters. This study extends the framework to include dynamic curtailment and EV coordination. Curtailment is considered as a necessary measure to address congestion issues. With the dynamic curtailment proposed in this article, PV curtailment only occurs when it cannot directly be consumed by EVs or be stored in the BESS, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing inverter size.