Solving PnP Problem Using Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm

The Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem is a fundamental challenge in engineering that plays a crucial role in fields such as computer vision and augmented reality. This problem aims to estimate the position and orientation (pose) of a camera from known 3D points and their corresponding 2D projections on the image plane. With recent technological advancements, application areas such as autonomous vehicles, drones, and robotics are demanding increasingly faster and more accurate camera pose estimation. To address this challenge, we have introduced an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) with the capability to dynamically restrict the search area. While the conventional SSA demonstrated excellent optimization capabilities, it faced efficiency issues when searching in high-dimensional spaces, such as those encountered in PnP problems. Our enhancement enables the algorithm to leverage information obtained during the search process to gradually narrow down the search area, thereby more efficiently locating the optimal solution.