Exploring Different Bypass Schemes for Photovoltaic Modules in Partial Shading Conditions: A Comprehensive Analysis

Photovoltaic (PV) energy stands as a pivotal force in modern society, offering significant potential for reducing our carbon footprint. Despite its widespread adoption, commercial-grade PV modules face various technological challenges, notably hotspots caused by partial shading. Traditionally, a single bypass diode across one-third of module cells addresses this issue, but recent research shows its inadequacy, leading to hotspots and premature failure. In response, recent technological advancements introduce alternative solutions using solid-state switches, showing promising results in enhancing bypass circuits' effectiveness. This study examines two bypass schemes across PV panels of the arrays with different configurations. Results highlight the superiority of employing solid-state switches (Power MOSFET) in the bypass path. This innovative approach surpasses conventional methods, offering a compelling solution to the persistent challenges facing commercial-grade PV modules.