Inflammatory Factors and Immune Cells in Relation to Multiple Myeloma

This study emphasizes the significant role of inflammatory factors and immune cells in multiple myeloma (MM) progression. IL-1Ra, TNFR1, and memory B-cell percentages are identified as risk factors, while IgD+ CD24- %B cells may protect against progression, suggesting new immunomodulatory treatment strategies. However, research on IgD+ CD24- %B cells and MM is limited, necessitating future studies to clarify their mechanisms and effects on the tumor microenvironment. There is also an urgent need for clinical trials to assess therapies targeting these cells, as well as long-term follow-ups to understand their dynamic changes in relation to disease progression. Further investigation using animal models is warranted to validate their functional role in MM development.