CFD Design Optimisation for the Hydrodynamic Performance of the Novel Fin-Ring Horizontal Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine

In this paper, the aim is to optimise the hydrodynamic performance of the novel fin-ring horizontal axis hydrokinetic turbine (HAHK). The original unique fin-ring turbine is an unconventional marine current turbine that comprises seven concentric rings with 88 connecting cambered fins and a solid centre hub. To begin with, the hydrodynamic performance of the benchmark turbine is evaluated using CFD simulations and is validated against sea-test data available in the literature. Subsequently, three of the turbine design parameters, namely, the fins’ pitch angle, the fins’ camber length, and the fins’ aspect ratio, are optimised for maximum power generation. Further test simulations illustrated the existence of a laminar region of flow in the turbine flow field. The K-kL-ω transition-sensitive turbulence model is adopted to capture the influence of transition on the flow field with results compared against those of the fully turbulent K-ε turbulence model. A final fine-tuning in the turbine design is carried out by increasing the number of fins per ring in the outermost rings to further maximise the generated power. The turbine hydrodynamic performance is assessed by comparison against other conventional hydrokinetic turbines available in the literature. Very satisfactory results are obtained with an increase of about 35% in the turbine-generated CP as compared to that of the benchmark turbine. The turbine performance compares very well with other conventional turbines, especially in terms of higher peak CP values, wider operating TSR range, and less sensitivity to variations in the inflow current speeds.