Spatial behavior of manufacturing in Colombia: territorial case of connection ideas of Marshallian and New Economic Geography insights about industrial localisation

This study explores the spatial distribution of manufacturing in Colombia through the lenses of Marshallian and New Economic Geography theories on industrial localisation. Employing spatial econometric methods with geo-referenced data reveals that industrial presence at the municipal level is positively impacted by the service sector connections and population density. Additionally, a panel data analysis suggests that traditional manufacturing hubs benefit from unobservable fixed effects, enhancing the persistence of initial locational advantages. These findings underscore the ongoing spatial concentration of manufacturing, influenced by both historical industrial activities and contemporary urban factors.