High-Performance Ag-NWs Doped Graphene/ITO Hybrid Transparent Conductive Electrode

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used material for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) in optoelectronic applications. On the other hand, graphene has superior electrical conductivity and exceptional mechanical flexibility, which makes it a promising candidate as a TCE material. This work proposes a CVD graphene/ITO hybrid electrode enhanced by doping with silver nanowires (Ag-NWs). The study aims to improve the performance of the electrode by optimizing two key parameters during the fabrication process: the thermal annealing time after the transfer of graphene on ITO and the Ag-NWs doping conditions. The annealing treatment is fundamental to reducing the residues on the surface of graphene and increasing the interface contact between graphene and ITO. The correct coverage and distribution of the dopant on graphene is obtained by controlling the concentration of the Ag-NWs and the spin coating speeds. The results indicate a substantial improvement in the optical and electrical performance of the Ag-NWs/graphene/ITO hybrid electrode. A remarkably low sheet resistance of 42.4 Ω/sq (±2 Ω/sq) has been achieved while maintaining a high optical transmittance of 87.3% (±0.5%).