Classifying COVID-19 hospitalizations in epidemiology cohort studies: The C4R study
Protocolized adjudication confirmed four out of five COVID-19 hospitalizations in a US meta-cohort and confirmed cases of pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and other conditions that were not indicated by discharge diagnosis codes. These results highlight the importance of validating health outcomes for use in research on COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 conditions, and some limitations of claims-based data.
Authors
- Howard Andrews (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7726-0551)
- José D. Gutiérrez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-3689)
- Charles Murphy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7983-5160)
- Elizabeth A. Regan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0624-9184)
- Lori A. Bateman
- Pramod Anugu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8157-8477)
- Mitchell S.V. Elkind (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-1156)
- Cheryl Tarlton
- Norrina B. Allen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-4384)
- Lauren Jager
- Carmen R. Isasi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2700-9593)
- Alka M. Kanaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8903-1457)
- Joanne M. Murabito (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-7516)
- Lukui Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-8369)
- James M. Shikany (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-9308)
- Kimberly Ring
- Victor E. Ortega (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-0528)
- Wendy S. Post (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-5204)
- Akshaya Krishnaswamy
- Maya Vankineni
- Barry J. Make (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-8745)
- Karen Hinckley Stukovsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-2471)
- Daniela Sotres‐Alvarez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3226-6140)
- Arnita F. Norwood (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-3436)
- Wayne D. Rosamond (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5271-074X)
- Elizabeth C. Oelsner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7481-9671)
- Anna Kucharska‐Newton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9864-467X)
- George T. O’Connor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-3926)
- James S. Floyd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-9041)
- Emily B. Levitan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-3852)
- Vanessa Xanthakis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7352-621X)
- Sally E. Wenzel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-0164)
- Pallavi Balte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-3744)
- Tauqeer Ali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9176-879X)
- Prescott G. Woodruff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-0603)
- Jennifer J. Manly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-7497)
- Cora Elizabeth Lewis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2301-5796)
- Harry Chang
- Amber Pirzada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-3611)
- Rafail Rustamov
- Alexander Arynchyn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-1774)
- Namratha R. Kandula (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-3426)
- Suzanne E. Judd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-6587)
- Maureen R. Kelly
- Virginia J. Howard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-9975)
- Kelley Pettee Gabriel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4986-7927)
- Sina A. Gharib (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-4367)
- Janis Tse
- Yuan‐I Min (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2470-0004)
- Sadiya S. Khan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0643-1859)
- David A. Schwartz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-8443)
- Ying Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9203-4345)
- Joyce Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-8365)
- Ling Jin
- Joseph Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-3196)
- Ashmi A Patel
- Neil A. Zakai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-4410)
- Jianwen Cai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4945-6733)
- D. Mauger
- Elman M. Urbina Meneses
- Kimberly Malloy
Institutions
- Boston University (US)
- University of Vermont (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Lahey Hospital and Medical Center (US)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine (US)
- Nassau University Medical Center (US)
- University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
- National Jewish Health (US)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Office of Minority Health (US)
- Lahey Medical Center (US)
- Framingham Heart Study (US)
- Mayo Clinic in Arizona (US)
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (US)
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (US)
- University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PLoS ONE
- Published
- 2025-02-10
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316198
- Primary Topic
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Northwestern University
- University of Minnesota
- Strong
- National Institutes of Health
- Kaiser Foundation Research Institute
- National Institute on Aging
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke