Activation of CXCR3 <sup>+</sup> Tfh cells and B cells in lymph nodes during acute HIV-1 infection correlates with HIV-specific antibody development
Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important to limit the seeding of the long-lasting HIV-1 reservoir; however, it also precludes the development of HIV-specific antibodies that can help control the virus if ART is stopped. Antibody development occurs within germinal centers in the lymph node and requires activation of both antigen-specific B cells and T follicular helper cells (Tfh), a specialized CD4<sup>+</sup> cell that provides B cell help. To understand how early ART initiation may prohibit antibody development, we analyzed the frequencies and activation status of Tfh and B cells in lymph node biopsies collected in the different stages of acute HIV-1 infection. Our data suggest that decreased antibody development after early ART initiation may be due to limited germinal center development at the time of treatment and that new interventions that target activation of CXCR3<sup>+</sup> Tfh may be beneficial to increase long-term HIV-specific antibody levels.
Authors
- Julie L. Mitchell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7400-7027)
- Justin Pollara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-4722)
- Roshell Muir (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-7825)
- Bessara Nuntapinit
- Nicha Tulmethakaan
- Dominic Paquin‐Proulx (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-3414)
- Hiroshi Takata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1457-6919)
- Sopark Manasnayakorn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-9555)
- Kenneth A. Dietze (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-0210)
- Sandhya Vasan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6378-6288)
- Suthat Chottanapund (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-4339)
- Pierre Gantner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3984-883X)
- Guido Ferrari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-3349)
- Suwanna Puttamaswin
- Nittaya Phanuphak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0036-3165)
- Suteeraporn Pinyakorn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-4381)
- Carlo Sacdalan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5839-4837)
- Junsuke Nohara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-5837)
- Kombo F. N’Guessan
- Eugène Kroon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-7155)
- Lydie Trautmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-0009)
- Supranee Buranapraditkun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-4318)
- Peeriya Prueksakaew
- Nicolas Chomont (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9747-5018)
- Denise C. Hsu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7530-0508)
- Elias K. Haddad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6924-4300)
- Praphan Phanuphak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8669-1847)
- Pattarawat Thantiworasit
- Nisakorn Ratnaratorn
- Jintanat Ananworanich
- Lawrence Fox
Institutions
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Chulalongkorn University (TH)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science (TH)
- HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (TH)
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (NL)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US)
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CA)
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation (FR)
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL)
- Drexel University (US)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Virology
- Published
- 2025-02-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01532-24
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.11
Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation
- Gilead Sciences
- ViiV Healthcare
- Chulalongkorn University
- National Institutes of Health
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program