Antibody Responses to EBV and Toxoplasma and Their Genetic Links to Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Elevated levels of EBV VCA p18 and T. gondii sag1 antibodies appear to be negatively correlated with the risk of GBS, suggesting that immune responses to these pathogens may play a protective role. However, the CI for the EBV VCA p18 association includes 1, indicating the need for caution in interpreting this result. Further research, including mechanistic studies and broader immune profiling, is needed to confirm these findings and explore the underlying pathways.