Heat Stress, Starvation, and Heat Stress Plus Starvation Cause Unique Transcriptomic Responses in the Economically Important Red Abalone Haliotis rufescens

Although most marine invertebrates are experiencing multiple environmental stressors simultaneously, the transcriptome-wide gene expression responses to multiple stressors remain understudied. We used RNA-sequencing to assess the transcriptomic responses to heat stress, starvation, and heat stress plus starvation in the red abalone <i>Haliotis rufescens.</i> Results indicate that the response to each stressor is distinct and is characterized by unique gene functions. The heat stress plus starvation treatment produced the largest transcriptomic response, including a significant upregulation of genes involved in translation. Overall, this study highlights the importance of multi-stressor experiments that reflect the complex modalities of climate change.