Composite Nanomaterials of Sulfurized Nickel and Diatomite for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

This study presents a novel approach to designing high-performance, lightweight electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials by sulfurizing three-dimensional biotemplate diatomite (De) through different sulfurization methods. The composite materials, consisting of different phases of sulfurized nickel and diatomite, were prepared using three methods. The results show that by controlling the surface morphology, crystal structure, and defect sites, the materials’ EMW absorption properties can be significantly enhanced. Specifically, the NixS6@De composite obtained through the hydrothermal method exhibited an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 9.86 GHz at a matching thickness of 1.44 mm, while the Ni3S2@De composite prepared through the calcination method achieved an EAB of 9.71 GHz at a thickness of 1.71 mm. This study offers a strategy for the development of multicomponent nanocomposite EMW absorption materials with superior performance and lightweight characteristics.