Epidemiology of obesity in women: from multifactorial analysis to personalized prevention strategies

This article focuses on obesity in women, which is a global medical problem. Obesity is the result of a complex interaction of epidemiological, socio-economic, geographical, hormonal, genetic, metabolic, psycho-emotional-behavioural and environmental factors. Numerous etiopathogenetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of adiposopathies, such as polygenic inheritance, physical inactivity, dysmetabolic nutritional behaviour, nicotine addiction and various forms of nutritional dysregulation. Recently, the correlation between obesity and dysbiotic changes in the oral and intestinal microbiota has been actively studied, highlighting the multicomponent and systemic nature of this pathology. Despite the introduction of therapeutic and preventive programmes aimed at reducing the prevalence of adiposopathy, there is a steady trend towards an increase in the number of obese people in the Republic of Tajikistan.