Generation of long-distance self-accelerating beam based on amplitude-phase dual-controlled metasurfaces

Self-accelerating beams, characterized by their low diffraction and self-bending properties, have found extensive applications in industrial and medical fields. However, microwave self-accelerating beams typically exhibit extremely limited transmission distances, failing to meet long-distance transmission requirements. By solving the Helmholtz equation, the initial amplitude and phase distribution for self-accelerating beam generation are obtained. Secondly, combined with the flexible amplitude-phase control characteristics of metasurfaces, a method of generating long-distance self-accelerating beams is proposed. Thirdly, a three-layer double-split-ring resonator metasurface unit is designed to achieve control of phase and amplitude. An amplitude-phase dual-controlled array for long-distance self-accelerating beam generation is constructed. The primary factors affecting the beam's self-bending displacement are analyzed by simulation. Finally, a 30 × 30 cm amplitude-phase dual-controlled metasurface is fabricated and tested. The results demonstrate that the self-accelerating beam can achieve a transmission distance exceeding 700 mm, thereby verifying the feasibility of the proposed long-distance self-accelerating beam generation method.