Implantable UWB Microstrip Patch Antenna for Biomedical Applications

To satisfy the requirements of UWB (3.1-10.6 GHz), a novel implanted ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with a frequency range of 3.07-13.7 GHz has been developed, targeting biomedical applications. The antenna's performance was analyzed at 4 GHz, 6 GHz, 8 GHz, and 10 GHz in both in-body and free-space environments to ensure optimal functionality. The primary focus of the design is to create a compact, cost-effective, and high-performance antenna tailored for medical and healthcare applications. The radiating element consists of a rectangular patch fabricated on an FR-4 substrate, with total dimensions of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$30\times 27\times 1.6\ \text{mm}^{3}$</tex>. A partial ground plane is incorporated to achieve ultra-wideband characteristics, enabling a 10.63 GHz bandwidth that spans frequencies from 3.07 GHz to 13.7 GHz in open space. To evaluate the antenna's performance under implantation conditions, three human tissue layers are incorporated into the design. Key features such as radiation characteristics, gain, and directivity validate its suitability for use within the human body. The entire design process, including simulations and performance evaluations, was carried out using the CST Studio Suite software.