Search for the Anomalous Events Detected by ANITA Using the Pierre Auger Observatory
A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding 110° and energies E>0.1 EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous" radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III that appear inconsistent with the standard model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic-ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, consistent with an expected background of 0.27±0.12 events from misreconstructed cosmic-ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of (7.2±0.2)×10^{-21} cm^{-2} sr^{-1} y^{-1} and (3.6±0.2)×10^{-20} cm^{-2} sr^{-1} y^{-1} for an E^{-1} and E^{-2} spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an E^{-3} spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative E^{-5} spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers.
Authors
- Pedro J. Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7476-7875)
- M. Dobre (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4032-7318)
- T. Paulsen
- F. L. Briechle
- R. M. de Almeida
- F. Sánchez
- L. Caccianiga
- M. Palatka
- Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-3172)
- I. C. Mariş
- T. Pierog (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7472-8710)
- G. Sigl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-645X)
- J. Pallotta
- T. Huege (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-4772)
- F. Salamida
- Carlo Salvattore Cruz Sanchez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6173-0974)
- M. Majercakova
- Frank Schröder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-7210)
- B. L. Lago
- A. C. Fauth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-0288)
- Enrique Varela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0715-7513)
- J. R. Hörandel
- N. González
- M. Saharan
- K. Daumiller
- Lukáš Vaclavek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0910-3415)
- Jill Meinert
- F. M. Mariani
- B. R. Dawson
- M.R. Coluccia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-0566)
- Dalibor Nosek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-200X)
- P. H. Hansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6764-4789)
- A. Travaini
- Paula Gina Isar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1241-584X)
- M. Platino
- Dušan Mandát (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-7468)
- M. Roth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-4477)
- Jiří Blažek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-8947)
- D. Wittkowski
- Adriel Bartz Mocellin
- G. P. Guedes
- Cynthia Ventura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-424X)
- S. J. de Jong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-3367)
- F. Campuzano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7172-3095)
- S. U. Shivashankara
- H. O. Klages
- V. Rizi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-6527)
- R. Colalillo
- Armando di Matteo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8260-1867)
- Jonas Glombitza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9683-4568)
- T. Fitoussi
- G. Medina-Tanco
- L. Nellen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-8731)
- G. Parente
- P. Travnicek
- Gabriela Nicora (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7504-6423)
- A. Letessier-Selvon
- A. Machado Payeras
- Katarína Simkova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-9846)
- R. Caruso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-8731)
- F. Sarazin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5614-1986)
- C. M. Schäfer
- V. Verzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-9387)
- Luis A. Núñez
- G. Consolati
- M. Cristinziani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-9171)
- T. Pierog (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7472-8710)
- E. M. Santos
- E. Zas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-8117)
- Orazio Zapparrata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8839-4715)
- Jorge F. Soriano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-7378)
- S. Andringa
- F. Barbato
- I. Allekotte
- C. Oliveira
- O. Tkachenko
- B. Pont
- L. Miramonti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2808-5363)
- F. Simon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-0289)
- Juan Carlos D’Olivo
- Benjamin Flaggs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5549-1869)
- P. Hamal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3139-7234)
- M. Hrabovský
- J. Perez Armand
- Andrew Zeolla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-2082)
- A. D. Supanitsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-6216)
- T. Suomijärvi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-6216)
- R. Mussa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-9071)
- Steffen Hahn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-3666)
- Fiona H. Ellwanger
- J. Vícha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-3605)
- J. Köhler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8790-3374)
- Denise Boncioli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1186-9353)
- L. Chytka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5741-259X)
- Martin Vacula (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-3962)
- Miguel A. Martins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-6204)
- F. Guarino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-9885)
- E. De Vito
- D. Ravignani
- M. Erdmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-1303)
- Jarosław Stasielak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-7000)
- J. de Jesús
- G. Marsella
- H. Falcke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2526-6724)
- C. E. Covault (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-5371)
- Alex Tapia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0585-7161)
- P. Abreu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-7314)
- C. Aramo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-3846)
- C. Taricco
- A. Castellina
- I. De Mitri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-1730)
- K. S. Caballero‐Mora (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4042-3855)
- D. Martello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-3910)
- Roberto Aloisio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0161-5923)
- J. Matthews
- V. M. Harvey
- P. Privitera
- M. Straub (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3060-7754)
- V. de Souza
- M. Gottowik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-9885)
- C. Trimarelli
- F. Fenu
- M. Buscemi
- T. Schulz
- Juan Ammerman Yebra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2059-6206)
- Achille Nucita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7926-3481)
- P. Mantsch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8382-7745)
- A. Yushkov
- Lawrence Wiencke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-9704)
- M. Boháčová
- J. Alvarez-Muñiz
- E. Rodrı́guez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-9077)
- Toshihiro Fujii (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-504X)
- C. Dobrigkeit
- Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0651-9404)
- Zuzana Svozilikova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5210-0781)
- A. Weindl
- M. Pech (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-0456)
- P. Assis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-3606)
- Bin Yue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-1181)
- Bradley C. Manning
- Alena Bakalová (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-4484)
- Jan Ebr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-6162)
- M. Scornavacche
- Anthony Bwembya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-5978)
- J. A. Chinellato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-0789)
- P. Janecek
- Felix Riehn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-7500)
- U. Giaccari
- R. Conceição (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4945-5340)
- C. Bonifazi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-3609)
- Jon Paul Lundquist (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4245-5092)
- F. Montanet
- L. Anchordoqui
- C. Berat
- Jan Pękala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1062-5595)
- N. Fazzini
- F. Catalani
- Stephanie Wissel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-6978)
- S. Vorobiov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-3424)
- R. Prechelt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7191-7110)
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- J. P. Gongora
- Gopal Bhatta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0705-6619)
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- A. C. Cobos Cerutti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-5460)
- Emanuele Avocone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-2718)
- F. Feldbusch
- M. Prouza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-9597)
- J.M. Figueira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6768-5214)
- H. Wilczyński (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2652-9685)
- L. Lu
- M. Zavrtanik
- A. Etchegoyen
- A. Gorgi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8085-2304)
- F. de Palma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-2834)
- S. Dasso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-4721)
- Z. Szadkowski
- Armando Manuel Fernandes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-0847)
- A. Gherghel‐Lascu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8757-2081)
- Quentin Luce (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-6709)
- Fabio Convenga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2841-1034)
- B. Tomé (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-8392)
- C. Bleve
- Adrian Sedoski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-3361)
- K. Mulrey
- B. Wundheiler
- Radomir Šmída (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-1123)
- M. Büsken
- M. Pimenta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-0908)
- Niklas Langner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-3042)
- Carmelo Evoli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6023-5253)
- A. Condorelli
- M. Pothast
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- D. Góra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4853-5974)
- L. Cazon
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- A. Romero‐Wolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4992-4162)
- J. Řídký (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-1393)
- I. Lhenry‐Yvon
- J. Rautenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6348-8168)
- B. Keilhauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1155)
- G. Golup (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9471-8811)
- R. W. Clay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9040-9648)
- T. D. Grubb
- Antonino Del Popolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9057-0239)
- S. Buitink
- Olivier Deligny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6863-6572)
- Chloé Gaudu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-4873)
- Yago Lema-Capeans
- Carmen Merx
- Mohsen Pourmohammad Shahvar
- Lukas Gülzow (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0620-3525)
- S. Strähnz
- S. Cabana-Freire
- A. Cermenati
- N. Denner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3527-0018)
- João Vítor Reginatto Akim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-9747)
- Fedor Tairli
- B. P. de Souza de Errico
- Eric William Mayotte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2618-9166)
- P. O. Mazur (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-6732)
- M. Unger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-0272)
- J. Chudoba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-2579)
- A. De Roeck (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-6634)
- Raluca Smău (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-3821)
- Danelise de Oliveira Franco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-7730)
- Jacco Vink (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-9949)
- Gioacchino Alex Anastasi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-5283)
- Teresa Bister (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-0857)
- K.‐H. Kampert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-0195)
- Luiz Augusto Pereira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-3203)
- Jose Sanabria Gomez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4217-3212)
- B. Garćıa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-2734)
- Marcus Niechciol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6823-8056)
- Massimo Mastrodicasa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-0050)
- Leonel Morejón (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-2624)
- J. Brack (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-2063)
- Diego Harari
- Paulo Ricardo Araújo Ferreira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3602)
- Juan Manuel González
- R. Pelayo
- A. Segreto
- Qader Dorosti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-0609)
- P. Sommers
- A. Menshikov
- G. Matthiae
- O. Sima
- H.-J. Mathes
- M. J. Roncoroni
- J. Jurysek
- Carlos J. Todero Peixoto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3669-8212)
- P. G. Brichetto Orchera
- G. Cataldi
- J. C. dos Anjos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1487-9832)
- A. C. Rovero
- P. Savina
- S.J. Sciutto
- R. Sarmento (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-5467)
- Pavel Horváth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6710-5339)
- Nataliia Borodai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1864-937X)
- Kévin Almeida Cheminant (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6352-5339)
- Martin Schimassek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-7719)
- C. Galea
- Jose F. Valdés Galicia
- S. Mollerach
- E. Santos
- V. Scherini
- Markus Risse (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-8683)
- S. Petrera
- L. Bonneau Arbeletche
- M. Stadelmaier
- R. Squartini
- M. A. Leigui de Oliveira
- P. Tobiska
- J. de Oliveira
- Brian Fick
- H. Gemmeke
- J. Pawlowsky
- L. Deval
- E. E. Pereira Martins
- P. Ruehl
- G. Silli
- L. Perrone
- A. Bueno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-3576)
- L. Valore
- L. Nožka
- J. A. Bellido
- R. Engel
- S. Michal
- M. Schimp
- J. Blümer
- Ioana Codrina Maris
- M. Cerda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-8132)
- O. Scholten
- D. Veberič
- A. Insolia
- I. D. Vergara Quispe
- P. L. Biermann
- I. Epicoco
- H. Salazar
- F. Gollan
- S. Martinelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-6204)
- J. A. Johnsen
- A. Vásquez-Ramírez
- Ricardo Sato
- A. Abdul Halim
- Tobias Schulz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1307-778X)
- Marta Bianciotto
- N. Kunka
- O. Martínez Bravo
- J. Rodriguez Rojo
- T. Fodran (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7707-4241)
- A. Săftoiu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-6510)
- L. Lopes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-0033)
- Patrick Stassi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5584-8410)
- P. L. Ghia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1101-4857)
- Sonja Mayotte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-8033)
- Jörg R. Hörandel
- G. Farrar
- G. Ávila
- A. Fuster
- Fabian Gobbi
- Jonathan Biteau
- I. Caracas
- D. Correia dos Santos
- M. R. Hampel
- W. Rodrigues de Carvalho
- M. Aglietta
- P. F. Gómez Vitale
- C. M. Schäfer
- Subhash Chandra Panja
- K. Bismark
- D. Nitz
- E. Guido
- J. C. Arteaga Velázquez
- E. Arnone
- S. Sehgal
- B. Andrada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4655-2384)
- Vlastimil Jílek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-7285)
- Marcelo Conte
- S. Negi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7645-0940)
- Khoa Nguyen
- M. I. Micheletti
- S. Stanič (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-7000)
- T. Hebbeker
- D. Melo
- M. Reininghaus
- W. M. Namasaka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0829)
- M. E. Bertaina
- D. Schmidt
- L. Apollonio
- D. Zavrtanik
- C. Watanabe
- E. Roulet
- F. Knapp
- C. Morello
- C. Pérez Bertolli
- M. Kleifges
- V. Novotny
- A. Khakurdikar
- Z. Torrès
- M. Gómez Berisso
- S. Rossoni
- V. Binet
- A. Haungs
- M. Emam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-936X)
- H. Schoorlemmer
- P. Schovánek
- F. Gesualdi
- Matias Jorge Tueros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-1419)
Institutions
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (CO)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Michigan Technological University (US)
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- National Technological University (AR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Lisbon (PT)
- University of Salento (IT)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR)
- Federal Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca (BR)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (BR)
- Lehman College (US)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Colorado School of Mines (US)
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (MX)
- City University of New York (US)
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- University of Milan (IT)
- University of Nova Gorica (SI)
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (ES)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- University of Siegen (DE)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (BR)
- National University of General San Martín (AR)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (AR)
- University of L'Aquila (IT)
- Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Université Paris-Saclay (FR)
- LIP - Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics (PT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (IT)
- Folkwang University of the Arts (DE)
- Balseiro Institute (AR)
- Bariloche Atomic Centre (AR)
- Jožef Stefan Institute (SI)
- Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa (PE)
- University of Łódź (PL)
- University of Catania (IT)
- Sorbonne Université (FR)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (BR)
- Valongo Observatory (BR)
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for R and D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (RO)
- National Institute for Subatomic Physics (NL)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Lecce (IT)
- Institute of Nuclear Physics (UZ)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT)
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (FR)
- Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (IT)
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Roma Tor Vergata (IT)
- Institute of Scientific and Technical Research for Defense (AR)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania (IT)
- FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ)
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (BR)
- Instituto de Ciências Farmacêuticas (BR)
- Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (FR)
- Universidad de Medellín (CO)
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (FR)
- Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (MX)
- Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica di Palermo (IT)
- Institute of Physics Rosario (AR)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT)
- Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (AR)
- Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary (RO)
- Institute of Astronomy and Space Physics (AR)
- Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT)
- Pierre Auger Observatory (AR)
- International Center for Advanced Studies (AR)
- Laboratoire Médiations (FR)
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (BR)
- University of Turin (IT)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- New York University (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX)
- Palacký University Olomouc (CZ)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Universidade Federal do ABC (BR)
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (MX)
- University of Delaware (US)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (AR)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
- University of Palermo (IT)
- Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (NL)
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (AR)
- Politecnico di Milano (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Physical Review Letters
- Published
- 2025-03-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.121003
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.61
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
- Grainger Foundation
- Baden-Württemberg Stiftung
- Strong
- Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării şi Digitalizării
- European Commission
- Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
- Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Württemberg
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Conseil Régional, Île-de-France
- Akademie Věd České Republiky
- Narodowe Centrum Nauki
- Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS
- Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii
- Xunta de Galicia
- Junta de Andalucía
- Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações
- Vlaamse regering
- Programa Operacional Temático Factores de Competitividade
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Ministerium für Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen
- Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics
- Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca
- Australian Research Council
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Institut national des sciences de l'Univers
- Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- European Regional Development Fund
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
- Institut Lagrange de Paris
- HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions