Clinical analysis of 101 cases of infectious endophthalmitis

This study aimed to analyze the pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment of infectious endophthalmitis and provide reference data for its prevention and treatment. The study retrospectively analyzed 101 cases of infectious endophthalmitis patients who received treatment at the Second People's Hospital of Jinan from January 2020 to December 2022, including pathogenic factors, microbiology, treatment, and prognosis of the patients. We found that traumatic endophthalmitis accounted for 48.51% of all cases, with iron foreign bodies being the leading cause of injury, while postoperative endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery accounted for 32.67% of all cases, with cataract surgery being the leading cause. The improvement in posttreatment visual acuity varied significantly among different causes of pathogenesis, with intraocular surgery showing the most improvement. In particular, postcataract surgery endophthalmitis showed better improvement than noncataract surgery-related endophthalmitis. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the main pathogenic bacteria causing infectious endophthalmitis, followed by fungi. Vitrectomy and intravitreal injection were the main treatment methods, with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) + intravitreal injection (IVT) having a longer treatment time than PPV, IVT, or other approaches. In conclusion, this study provided important reference data for the prevention and treatment of infectious endophthalmitis. Traumatic and postoperative endophthalmitis were the most common causes, with iron foreign bodies and cataract surgery being the main contributors, respectively. The improvement in posttreatment visual acuity varied significantly among different causes of pathogenesis, with postcataract surgery endophthalmitis showing better improvement. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the main pathogenic bacteria causing infectious endophthalmitis, and vitrectomy and intravitreal injection were the main treatment methods.