Zjawisko hartowania i rozhartowania roślin w kontekście zmian klimatu

Climate change leads to an increase in global temperatures and more frequent appearance of periods characterized by increased temperature in autumn and winter. Winter plants, including important crops whose growing season is at this time, are particularly exposed to the adverse effects of increased temperatures, which may disturb the natural process of hardening to low temperatures. This phenomenon is called dehardening and most often causes the reversal of physiological and biochemical changes induced by cold hardening. The aim of this work is (1) to describe the problem of the influence of dehardening on the frost tolerance of winter crops, (2) to analyze the physiological and biochemical changes occurring in cells during cold hardening and dehardening process, (3) to briefly discuss non-invasive methods enabling the assessment of the dehardening state of crops for the purposes of agricultural practice.